• شرح الكتاب الحكمة العرشية
  Sharḥ al-kitāb al-ḥikmat al-`arshiyya ("Commentary upon the Book of the Wisdom of the Throne"). Lithograph 1st ed. in 2 vols. Vol.1 [Tabriz: ADD] 1271/ 1854-5 and vol.2 [Tabriz: ADD, 1278-9/1861-2.
   This work is a commentary by Shaykh Aḥmad upon the Kitāb al-ḥikma al-`arshiyya ("The Book of the Wisdom of the Throne") by Muhammad Sadra al-Dīn Muhammad b. Ibrahim al-Shirazi, known as Mullā Sadrā (d. 1050/1640). This 100 or so page work of Mullā Sadrā with the title Kitāb al-`arshiyya (The Book of the Throne) has recently, in 1429/2000 (1st printing) been printed in Beirut by the Mu'asassa al-Tārīkh al-`Arabiyya ("The Arab History Estate").

A useful approach to this work is the English volume of James W. Morris (trans.), The Wisdom of the Throne, An Introduction to the Philosophy of Mulla Sadra. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1981. Aside from containing an excellent introduction to the work of Mullā Muhammadadrā and to his Kitāb al-`Arshiyya, this volume provides an annotated translation of the Kitāb al-`arshiyya  with occasional comments upon Shaykh Aḥmad's critique (esp. pp.47f; 126n.67). Morris' translation is based upon Ghulām Riḍā Āhānī's Arabic edition of the al-Ḥikma al-`arshiyya (with Persian paraphrase, Isfahan, 1341 Sh./ 1962, pp. 218-288) occasionally corrected on the basis of reference to the lithograph edition of Shaykh Aḥmad's commentary upon the `Arshiyya (lithographed in 1278/1861, see above).

• شرح العرشية   later editions.

• A 2nd (3rd?) edition of Shaykh Ahmad's commentary in two volumes entitled Sharḥ al-`Arshiyya was printed at the Shaykhī press in Kerman: Kirmān: Maṭba`at al-Sa`ada, vol.1 1361 Sh / 1983 and vol. 2 1363/1985. In this second edition volume 1 has 5 indexes spanning eighty pages and the commentary from p. 2 until p. 332 (K-`Arshiyya), while volume 2 again has several indexes and the commentary on pp. 4-335 (K-`Arshiyya). Some glosses on Shaykh Ahmad's commentary by Karim Khan Kirmani are also printed (in vol.2 = pp. 336-367).

• This 2nd or 3rd (?) edition of Shaykh Ahmad's commentary in 3 vols. [sic. ?] entitled Sharḥ al-`Arshiyya fi al-mabda` wa'l-ma`ad is said to have been printed at the Shaykhī press : Kerman: Matba`at al-Sa`ada, in 1405-6/ 1985-6 (so Ihqaqi, al-Tahqiq, 261).

• 
  Moris, Zailan. Revelation, Intellectual Intuition and Reason in the Philosophy of Mulla Sadra: An Analysis of the Al-Hikmah Al-'Arshiyyah. Rep. Routledge: 2003. 240pp. ISBN-10: 0700715029 ISBN-13: 978-0700715022 =  "An examination and analysis of the legitimacy of the widely-held claim that Mulla Sadra's philosophy is a synthesis of principles and doctrines drawn from revelation, gnosis and discursive philosophy. It demonstrates how Mulla Sadra achieves this synthesis in his "Wisdom from the Divine Throne".

• From the Back Cover "Many Islamic philosophers and scholars of Islamic Philosophy consider Mulla Sadra's (1572- 1641) philosophy to be a synthesis of principles and doctrines drawn from revelation (wahy), gnosis or illuminative knowledge ('irfan/ma'rifah) and discursive philosophy (al-hikmah al- bathiyyah). This book investigates whether there is such a synthesis in Mulla Sadra's philosophy, how this synthesis is effected and finally whether it is successful. The examination and demonstration of Mulla Sadra's synthesising method is mainly based on his book al-Hikmah al-'arshiyyah or Wisdom from the Divine Throne. The book bases the evaluation of his success on the internal coherence of his ideas, their conformity to Islamic religious teachings and their impact on the Islamic thinkers after him. The question of reconciling and synthesising the three sources of knowledge to create a coherent and articulate philosophical perspective is of great import and significance not only in Islamic philosophy but also in the field of philosophical enquiry generally. His method of dealing with these three sources of knowledge discloses new insights, brings new understanding and suggests a new manner of approaching them. Although, both Islamic and western Philosophy share a common heritage in ancient Greek philosophy, they have taken diverse courses of development since the European Middle Ages. This divergence is due in part to their radically different treatments of the fundamental sources of knowledge available to man. In the west, especially since the Renaissance, reason and sense experience began to play an almost exclusive role in man's quest after true and certain knowledge. In the Islamic world, reason became more and more aligned with intellectual intuition and both were made subordinate to revelation. The examination of Mulla Sadra's synthesis discloses the epistemological orientation of a major Islamic philosopher who was a contemporary of Descartes. Thus, it offers a basis for the understanding of the diverse epistemological perspectives of the Islamic and Western philosophers since Ibn Rushd or Averroes in the twelfth century."

Kitāb al-mashā'ir (The Book of the  Metaphysical Insights)

• Kitab al-masha'ir (The Book of Metaphysical Penetrations), ed., trans. and intro. by H. Corbin, Le livre des pénétrations métaphysiques, Paris: Départment d'Iranologie de l'Institut Franco-Iranien de Recherche, and Tehran: Librairie d'Amerique et d'Orient Adrien-Maisonneuve, Bibliothèque Iranienne vol. 10, 1964 + 1982 + French portion re-edited Lagrasse: Verdier, 1988; ed. and trans. P. Morewedge, The Metaphysics of Mulla Sadra, New York: Society for the Study of Islamic Philosophy and Science, 1992.

• Kitāb al-mashā'ir. ed. and trans. Henri Corbin, Live des pénétrationes Métaphysiques. Tehran + Paris, 1964; also rep. 1982 = Tehran: Institut Francais d'Iranologie de Tehran [1968] + Paris: Librarie d'Amérique et d'Orient, A. Maisonneuve, rep. 1982 Kitāb-khānih: Tahūrī (= Bibliotheque Iranienne, Vol. 10). Contents in 1982 repr. = Ar. section, K. Mashā`ir pp. 1-81; Per. trans. pp.84-220; French section. I. Intro. Biog. of Mullā Muhammadadrā, 1-26; Ch. II = Bibiographical essay re: Mullā Muhammad Sadr, pp. 27-41. Ch. III = Kitāb al-Mashā`ir, +Ar. and Per. commentaries, pp.42-52 includes refs. to Shaykh Aḥmad's comm, pp. 47-50. etc. Corbin's French trans + notes, spans pp.87-242. The French index records extensive refs. to Shaykh Aḥmad's comm (for the list see p. 243). *

• The metaphysics of Mullā Sadrā : Kitāb al-Mashāʼir = The book of metaphysical prehensions by Muḥammad ibn Ibrāhīm Ṣadr al-Dīn Shīrāzī; Parviz Morewedge; Henry Corbin; Society for the Study of Islamic Philosophy and Science.; Institute for Cultural Studies. New York City: SSIPS, 1992. ISBN: 0963327712 9780963327710

• Molla Sadra Shirazi, Le Live des Pénétrationes Métaphysiques (Kitāb al-Mashā`ir) Ed. + trans.etc. Henri Corbin. Editiones Verdier, 1988 (ISBN 2-86432-070-3). The above volume is a reprint of the 1964 French introduction (pp.1-78) and translation (pp. 81-164) with extensive notes (pp.166-234) + index (pp. 235-232), etc..

• Lahijani, M. J., Commentary on the Recital of Mashā`ir. ed. + notes, J. Ashtiyani (Mashhad, 1965).

• 1992 Parwiz Morewedge (trans.), The Metaphysics of Mulla Sadra. Kitāb al-Mashā`ir, The Book of [Metaphysical] Prehensions (Islamic Philosophy Translation Series = ISPTS) The Institute for Cultural Studies, Tehran Iran. Sponsors = The Society for the Study of Islamic Philosophy and Science [SSIPS]. New York, 1992 (ISBN 0-9633277-1-2). This is a translation from the Corbin edition (with occasional corrections and notes); the Arabic and its English translation face each other from page 1-88 (Ar.+ Eng. beginning). Notes are included from p.89ff.
• Muhammad Sadr al-Dīn Muhammad al-Shirazi, Mullā Sadrā Shirazi, Kitāb al-Mashā`ir . Introd. Henry Corbin (Arabic trans.). Beirut: The Arabic History Est. / Mu`assat al-Tarikh al-`Arabi. 1420/2000. 128pp. (incl. introd. and index).
• Fakhr al-Din al-Razi (d. 606/1209 ), al-Risālat al-Kamāliyya fi'l-ḥaqā'iq al-ilāhiyya. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-`Ilmiyya, 1324/2002. (97pp. + Mulla Sadra's Kitab al-Masha'ir = pp.99-142 + index pp.143-4). The Kitab al-Masha'ir of Mulla Sadra is printed in this slim paperback volume.
• Kitāb al-mashā'ir. Beirut: Dar al-Ihya al-Turath al-`Arabi, 2000+2003.

Tafsir writings

• Asrār al- Āyāt fī tafsīr al-Qurān li-Muhammad al-Ma`ruf bi-Sadr al-Muta`alihin al-Shirazi. Tehran" Hajji Muhammad Ahmad Shirazi, Ramadan 1319/ ADD.

• Tafsīr  al-Qur'ān al-Karimli-Sadr al-Din Shirazi bi-Sadr al-Muta`alihin Muhammad ibn Ibrahim  al-Shirazi. Tehran: Shaykh Ahmad Shirazi, 1320-1322 AH/ XXXX-XXXX.

• Tafsir Sūrat al-A`lā. in margins of a Persian Lithograph (pp.270-296) of the Risala fi ajwibat al-su`ālāt al-muta`allqa bi'l-ma`ārif  by `Alī al-Nūrī and printed with Kashf al-fawā'id etc., see Tehrani, al-Dhari`a, 4:1445. Gacek ALB No. 364 p.202.

• Tafsīr Sadra, Shľrazi  [= Tafsīr al-Fātiha; Tafsīr al-Baqara; Tafsīr Āyat al-Kursī] Lithograph  ADD      1322 [1914].
• Tafsīr  al-Qur'an al-Karim. ed. Muhammad Khājavī,  7 vols. Qumm: Intishārāt Baydār, n.d. [199?].*
• Asrār al-āyat, edited with prolegomena and notes by Muhammad Khājavī Tehran : ADD ,  1360/ 1981.
• Tafsīr Sūrat al-Wāqi'a (=Q. 56), n.p. n.d.
• Tafsir Sūrah-yi Wāqi'a (=Q. 56),  ed. and Persian trans. Muhammad Khājavī , Tehran: Intisharat Mawla, 1363/ 1984 + 2nd ed. 1377=1419/1998. *
• Tafsir Sūrahha-yi Ṭāriq [Q.    ] va A`la [Q.    ]va Zalzal [Q.   ].. Ed. and Persian trans. Muhammad Khājavī , Tehran: Intisharat Mawla, 1363/ 1984 + 2nd ed. 1377=1419/1998 *
• Tafsir Āyah-yi Nūr [Q. 24:35]. Ed and Persian trans. Muhammad Khājavī , Tehran: Intisharat Mawla, 1362/1983 + 2nd ed. 1377=1419/1998. *

• Le verset de la lumière : Commentaire.. trans. Christian Jambet (Classiques En Poche). [Paris] Belles Lettres, 2009. 135pp. ISBN-10: 2251800034 ISBN-13: 978-2251800035.
• Tafsir Sūrah-yi Jam`ah.  ed. and Persian trans. Muhammad Khājavī , Tehran: Intisharat Mawla, 1363/1984 = 1404/1983 *
• Mutashābihāt al-Qur'ãn in idem, Three treatises... Ed. with an introduction and notes by Sayyid Jalāl al-Dīn Āshtiyānī, English preface by Seyyed Hossein Nasr, Mashhad 1392/ 1973, pp. 75-121.
• Majmū`a Rasā'il Falsafī Ṣadr al-Mutā'alihīn.  ed.  Hamiz Naji Isfahani, Tehran: Intisharat-i Hikmat, 1375 Sh. / 1996 * (624pp.)  This compilation contains two Tafsir works of Mulla Sadra: Tafsir Surat al-Tawhid I (Item 15 pp.393-439) and Tafsir Surat al-Tawhid II (Item 16 pp.441-449).
• Asrar al-Ayat (The Mysteries of the Qur'anic Verses). Persian trans and annotation Muhammad Khājavī  (= Cultural Studies Research Institute, The Islamic Iranian Academy of Philosophy Pub. No. 533), Mu`asassah-yi Muta`aliat  va Tahqiqat Farhangi Tehran: Intisharat Mawla, 1363=1405/ 1984 *

• Risalah-yi ḥuduth al-`ālam ya Kitab-i Afrinish-i Jihan. Ed and Persian trans. Muhammad Khājavī , Tehran: Intisharat Mawla, 1363/1405 + 2nd ed. 1377=1419/1998. *
• Majmū`at al-Rasā'il.  Qum: Manshurat Maktabat Ayat-Allah al-Mara`shi al-Najafi.  1404/1983. * Contains works of  (1) `Allamah al-Ḥllī , Kashf al-Fawa'id (2) Shahid al-Thani, Asrar al-Salat  (3) Shahid al-Thani, Kashf al-Rība   (4)  Mulla Sadra, Tafsir Surat al-A`la and (5) Ma`ani ba`aḍi al-akhbār li'l-Saduq (= Ibn Babawayh al-Qummi).
• Risalah-yi ḥash.  ed and Persian trans. Muhammad Khājavī , Tehran: Intisharat Mawla, 1363/XXXX * + 2nd ed. 1377=1419/1998* 
• Lawāmi` al-`ārifin fi aḥwāl Ṣadr al-mutā'lihīn... (Mullā Sadrā), Muhammad Khājavī , Tehran: Intisharat Mawla, 1366=1408 /1987* 
• Majmu`ah-yi Afsh`ār-i Faylasuf-i Kabir Ṣadr al-Din Shirazi  (Mulla Sadra). ed. and introd. Muhammad Khājavī , Tehran: Intisharat Mawla, 1376/1418. * A Compilation of Persian Poetry of Mulla Sadra.

• Risalah-yi sih aṣl taṣnif Sadr al-Din, Muhammad ibn Ibrahim Shirazi (Mulla Sadra).  introd. Dr. Sayyid Hosseyn Nasr + ed. Muhammad Riḍā Jawzī, Tehran: Intisharat -i Ruzhah , 1377/1998. *    Includes a Mathnavi of Mulla Sadra (pp. 117-132) and some Quatrains (pp. 133-4).
• On the Hermeneutics of the Light Verse of the Qur'an (Tafsir Ayat al-Nur), translated, introduced and annotated by Latimah-Parvin Peerwani, ICAS Press, 2004. (167pp.).

Ashtiyānī, Jalāl al-Dīn (ed.)

• Consciousness and reality : studies in memory of Toshihiko Izutsu (=Islamic philosophy, theology, and science, v. 38.), Leiden: Brill, 2000. Includes:

 Islamic resurgence, Al-Wāqidī, the orientalists and apologetics -- The Quranic commentaries of Mullā Ṣadrā ...

 

GENERAL : SADR AL-DIN  SHIRAZI

URLs.

http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/ip/rep/H027.htm

COMPILATIONS, PROCEEDINGS... WORLD CONGRESS

The Sadra Islamic Philosophy Research Institute (SIPRIn) was established in 1994 with the aim of holding the World Congress on Mulla Sadra, introducing Mulla Sadra and his famous school of thought; the Transcendent Philosophy, and contacting the main world philosophical centers. Sadra Islamic Philosophy Research Institute. Imam Khomeini Complex, Resalat Exp., Building #12, Tehran, Iran. E-Mail: Mullasadra@DPImail.net , Telephone : 021-88734685 , 021-88734686 , 021-88734689 , Fax: 021-88831817

• Mulla Sadra site: http://www.mullasadra.org/new_site/English/Site%20News/Latest/Titles.htm

• Papers and Abstracts: http://www.mullasadra.org/new_site/english/Paper%20Bank/Transcendent%20Philosophy/Titles.htm

• Mulla Sadra and Comparative Studies - Islam-West Philosophical Dialogue. Papers of the World Congress on Mulla Sadra, Tehran, May 1999.

• Volumes 1 & 2, SIPRIn. 2001. by 1999 papers MULLA SADRA CONGRESS , 2001.

• The Sadra Islamic Philosophy Research Institute (SIPRIn), Volumes 3 & 4, SIPRIn. 2002. = 1999 papers of the Mulla Sadra Congress, 2002.

• Mulla Sadra and Comparative Studies. The Papers Presented at the World Congress on Mulla Sadra (May 1999, Tehran) Volume 4 by The Sadra Islamic Philosophy Research Institute (SIPRIn), 2002.

__________________

'Abdul Haq, M.,

• "An Aspect of the Metaphysics of Mullā Sadra", Islamic Studies, vol. 9, 1970, pp. 331-53.

• "The Metaphysics of Mullā Sadra II", Islamic Studies, vol. 10, 1971, pp. 291-317.

• "Mullā Sadra's Concept of Being", Islamic Studies, vol. 6, 1967, pp. 268-76.

• "The Psychology of Mullā Sadra", Islamic Studies, vol. 9, 1970, pp. 173-81.

Açıkgenç, Alparslan,

• Being and Existence in Sadra and Heidegger, Kuala Lumpur: I.S.T.A.C., 1993.

‘Alawi, Hadi,

• Nazariyyat al-Harakah al-Jawhariyyah ‘ind al-Shirazi, (Beirut: 1983).

Akbarian, Reza.

• `Existence as a predicate in Kant and Mulla Sadra'  in  Al-Tawḥīd: A Quarterly Journal of Islamic Thought and Culture, 2003, Vol. 17/  iv, 39-73.

• The Fundamental Principles of Mulla Sadra's Transcendent Philosophy.  Xlibris Corporation, 2009. 318pp. ISBN-10: 1441580808 ISBN-13: 978-1441580801

Ashtiyani, Sayyid Jalal al-Din,

• Sharh-i hal wa aray-i falsafi-i Mulla Sadra (Mashhad, 1382/1962).

Avens, Robert,

• “Theosophy of Mulla Sadra”, Hamdard Islamicus 9:3 (1986), 3-30.

‘Awn, Faysal Badir,

• Fikrat al-Tabi’ah fi’l-Falsafat al-Islamiyyah, (Syria: University of ‘Ayn al-Shams, 1980).

Badur, Salman,

• “al-Harakat al-jawhariyya fi falsafati Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi”, Dirasat ‘ulum al-insaniyyah wa’l-turath 11: 4 (1984), 29-40.
•  “Mitafiziqa al-wujud fi falsafati Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi”, Dirasat ‘ulum al-insaniyyah wa’l-turath 13: 4 (1986), 215-235.

Browne, Edward, G. (d. 1926)

• A Literary History of Persia, vol.  IV, Cambridge, 1969.
   

Corbin, Henri (d. 1978).

Corbin, Henry,

• “Le Thème de la résurrection chez Mollâ Sadra Shirazi (1050/1640) commentateur de Suhrawardi (586/1191)” in Studies in Mysticism and Religion Presented to Gershom G. Scholem (Jerusalem, 1967), pp. 71-115. *  
• “Mollâ Sadra Shirazi” in En Islam iranien, (Paris, 1972), Vol. IV, pp. 52-122. *  

• En Islam iranien, vol. IV, Paris, 1973.

• "Histoire de la philosophie islamique, Ile Partie: Depuis la morte d'Averroës jusqu'à nos jours", Encyclopédie de la Pléiade, Histoire de la philosophie, Ile partie, Paris, 1974, pp. 1067-88.

• `La place de Mollā Sadra dans la philosophie iranienne', Studia Islamica, vol. XVIII, pp. 81-113.

• Le Uvre des pénétrations métaphysiques, Tehran-Paris, 1964.

• `Le thème de la résurrection chez Mollā Sadrā Shīrāzī (1050/1640) commentateur de Sohrawardî (587/1191)", in Studies in Mysticism and Religion presented to Gershom G. Schalem, Jerusalem, 1967, pp. 71-115.

• Terre celeste et corps de résurrection d'après quelques traditions iraniennes, Paris, 1961.

Corbin, H.  +  Ãshtiyanî, SJ.,

• Anthologie des philosophes iraniens, vol. 1, Tehran-Paris, 1972.*  
   

Dagheim, Samih

• Mawsu`at Mustalahat Ṣadr al-Dīn Shīrazī (Eng. title = `Encyclopedia of Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi's Terminology'), 2 vols. Dharwa al-Qurbi, 1428/XXXX, lxiii680+681-1250 + Indexes pp.1251-1423pp.    * 

Dakake , Maria Massi

• `The Soul as Barzakh: Substantial Motion and Mullā Sadrā's Theory of Human Becoming '  in The Muslim World, vol. 94/ 1 (2004) pp.  107 ?

Fakhry, Majid,

• Islamic Occasionalim and its Critique by Averroes and Aquinas. London: George Allen & Unwin Ltd., 1958.
• ‘The Concept of Perpetual Creation in Islamic Mysticism and Zen Buddhism’ in Mélanges Offerts a Henry Corbin ed. S. H. Nasr, Tehran: 1977.

Gobineau, J. A. Comte de, (d. 1888).

•  Les religions et les philosophies dans l'Asie Centrale, Paris, 1923.

Horten, M. (1874- d.          ).

• Das philosophische System von Schirazi ,1640  Strassburg: ADD, 1913.

• http://www.archive.org/details/dasphilosophisch00sadruoft

• Die Gottesbeweise bei Schirazi, Bonn, 1912.

• Die Philosophie des Islam, Munich, 1924.
   

Ibrahimi,  Nādir

• Mardi dar ta'yyid abadī bar asās-i dustān-i zindagi-yi Mullā Sadra-yi Shirazi...  , Tehran: Karim Khan Zand, 1375/1996.*

Iqbal, M.,

• The Development of Metaphysics in Persia, London, 1908.

Izutsu,  Toshihiko

•  1971  The Concept and Reality of Existence, Studies in the Humanities and Social Relations 13, Tokyo: Keio Institute of Cultural and Linguistic Studies.

Jambet, Christian  and Jeff Fort (trans. from French)

• The Act of Being: The Philosophy of Revelation in Mulla Sadra  2006  = ISBN-10: 1-890951-69-2 ISBN-13: 978-1-890951-69-6 * 

Kalin, Ibrahim  (College of the Holy Cross, Worcester, MA.  USA).

http://www.muslimphilosophy.com/kalin/index.html

• “The World Congress on Mulla Sadra”, American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences Volume 16, No 3 (Fall 1999), pp.145-148; reprinted in Iqbal Review Vol. 40, No. 3-4 (October, 1999), 107-110.

• “Knowledge as the Unity of the Intellect and the Object of Intellection in Islamic Philosophy: A Historical Survey from Plato to Mulla Sadra”, Transcendent Philosophy: An International Journal for Comparative Philosophy and Mysticism, Vol. 1, Number 1, (June 2000), pp. 73-91; also published in Seyed Safavi (ed.), Perception According to Mulla Sadra, Salman-Azadeh Publication, n.p., 2002, pp. 74-99.

• “Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi (Mulla Sadra)”, Center for Islam and Science, Resources on Islam and Science at www.cis-ca.org (posted in March 2001).

• `An annotated bibliography of the works of Mullā Sadrā with a brief account of his life' in   Islamic studies,  42 (2003) pp. 11ff.

• `Mullā Sadrā's realist ontology of the intelligibles and Theory of Knowledge' in The Muslim world 94 (2004),pp. 81-106.

• `Mulla Sadra’s Realist Ontology and the Concept of Knowledge' The Muslim World, Vol 94, No 1 (January 2004), pp. 81-106.

• “Why Do Animals Eat Other Animals? Mulla Sadra on the Best of All Possible Worlds” Turkish Journal of Islamic Studies, Vol. 12 (June, 2004) (forthcoming).

• “Between Physics and Metaphysics: Mulla Sadra on Nature and Motion” Islam and Science Vol. I, 2003, pp. 65-93; an earlier version published in Mulla Sadra and Transcendent Philosophy: Proceedings of the World Congress on Mulla Sadra (Tehran: Sadra Islamic Philosophy Research Institute, 2001), Vol. 1, pp. 301-327.

• `Mullā Ṣadrā on Theodicy and the Best of All Possible Worlds' in Journal of Islamic Studies,  Vol. 18, No. 2 May 2007,  pp.

        Abstract

"The argument that the world that God has created is the best of all possible world-orders (asan al-nim) is based on the premise that God always acts optimally. As a response to the problem of evil, the argument seeks to remove any tensions between the imperfection of the world and God's power and goodness. ar al-Dn al-Shirz, known commonly as Mulla Sadr (d. 1640), develops a number of arguments to defend the thesis as formulated by al-Ghazl. While reiterating the previous arguments, Mull adr revises the question of theodicy within the context of his concept of existence and its modalities. Instead of discussing the problem of evil in terms of moral imperfections alone, he defines the world of existence as ‘that which is necessarily less than God’ and thus bound to be imperfect. Furthermore, Mull adr interprets all evil, natural or moral, as serving a higher purpose because the world is structured in a hierarchical way and for everything there is a teleological history. The article looks critically at the eight arguments which adr advances to defend his position. At the end of his elaborate discussions, however, adr takes refuge in blessed ignorance and faithfully accepts that not all problems of philosophy can be solved decisively. "

Lumbard, Joseph.

• `The place of prophecy in Mulla Sadra's philosophy of perception'  in Transcendent Philosophy, 2000, Vol. 1/ii, 63-79.

Moris, Zailan,

• Revelation, Intellectual Intuition and Reason in the Philosophy of Mulla Sadra: An Analysis of the al-Hikmah al-Arshiyya. London: Routledge Curzon, 2003. ISBN ISBN = 0–700–71503–7. (238pp.).

Mulla Sadra Comm. vol.

• Mullâ Sadrâ commemoration volume : on the occasion of the 400th anniversay of the birth of Ṣadr al-Din Shirazi = Yād-nāma-i mullā ṣadrā. Tehran : Tehran Univ, 1961 = 1380/1340.

James W . Morris (Review)

• Revelation, Intellectual Intuition and Reason in the Philosophy of Mulla Sadra: An Analysis of the al-Hikmah al-Arshiyya. • By ZAILAN MORIS (London: Routledge Curzon, 2003), 238 pp.  Journal of Islamic Studies 2005 16. pp. 360-362

Nasr, Seyyed  Hossein.,

• English introduction to Sadr al-Dīn Shīrāzī, al-Mabda' wa'l-ma'ad ed. by S.J. Ashtiyanî, Tehran, 1976. 

• English introduction to Sadr al-Dln Shïra/î, Three Treatises, ed. by S.J. Ashtiyani, Meshed, 1392/1973.

• English preface to Sadr al-Dīn Shīrāzī, al-Shawähid al-rubũbiyyah, ed. by S.J. Ashtiyani, Meshed, 1967.

• `Mullā Sadrā and the Doctrine of the Unity of Being', Philosophical Forum, vol. IV, no. 1 Fall, 1972, pp. 153-61.

• `Mullā Sadra as a Source for the History of Muslim Philosophy". Islamic Studies, vol. Ill, no. 3, Sept., 1964, pp. 309-14.

• (ed.), Mullā Sadrā Commemoration Volume, Tehran, 1380/1961.

• `Mullā Sadrā'in The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, vol. 5, New York, 1966, pp. 411-13.

• `Şadr al-Dīn Shīrāzī, His Life, Doctrine and Significance', Indo-Iranica, vol. XIV, no. 4, Dec. 1961, pp. 6-16.

• `Sadr al-Dīn Shīrazi 'Mullā Sadra' ', in Sharif, M. M., (ed.),A History of Muslim Philosophy, vol. II, Wiesbaden, 1966, pp. 932-61.

• 1978. Sadr al-Din Shirazi and His Transcendent Theosophy: Background, Life and Works, Tehran: Imperial Academy of Philosophy.

• 1996  'Mulla Sadra: His Teachings', in S.H. Nasr and O. Leaman (eds) History of Islamic Philosophy, London: Routledge, 643-52.

• Mulla Sadra and His Transcendent Philosophy (Tehran: 1997, 2nd edition).
• “Mulla Sadra: His Teachings” in A History of Islamic Philosophy ed. by S. H. Nasr and O. Leaman (London: Routledge, 1996), Vol. I, pp. 643-662.
• “Mulla Sadra as a Source For the History of Islamic Philosophy” Islamic Studies, 3:3 (1964), 309-314.
• “Mulla Sadra” The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Paul Edwards (Editor in chief), Vol.5 (New York: The Macmillan Company and The Free Press, 1967), pp. 411-413.
• (ed.) Mulla Sadra Commemoration Volume Tehran, XXXX.,1380/1960.
• “Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi (Mulla Sadra)” in A History of Muslim Philosophy, ed. M. M. Sharif, (Wiesbaden: 1962).

Nelson, Jim and Sada Georges Hormuz

• Mulla Sadra's Transcendent Philosophy (Ashgate World Philosophies Series) (Ashgate World Philosophies Series)  2006.

Rahman, Fazlur.

• 1975 The Philosophy of Mulla Sadr (Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi), Albany, NY: State University of New York Press.

• The Philosophy of Mullā Sadra. Albany, N.Y.: SUNY Press, 1976.

• 2009 The Philosophy of Mulla Sadr (Sadr al-Din al-Shirazi),  New York: State University of New York Press, 2009. 277 pp. ISBN-10: 0791458520 ISBN-13: 978-0791458525

• Prophecy in Islam: Philosophy and Orthodoxy. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1979.
• Essence and Existence in Avicenna. Vol. 4, Medieval and Renaisance Studies. London: Warburg Institute, 1958.

• "The Eternity of the World and the Heavenly Bodies in Post-Avicennian Philosophy", in Houráni, G. (ed.), Essays on Islamic Philosophy and Science, Albany (New York), 1975, pp. 322-37.

•  "The God-World Relationship in Mullā Sadra", in Houráni, G., (ed.), Essays on Islamic Philosophy and Science, Albany (New York), 1975, pp. 238-53.

• "Mullā Sadrā's Theory of Knowledge", Philosophical Forum, vol. IV, no. 1, Fall, 1972, pp. 141-52.

•  

•  ‘Mulla Sadra’ Encyclopedia of Religion, Vol. 10, (New York: 1987), 149-153.
• ‘Mir Damad’s Concept of Huduth Dahri: A Contribution to the Study of God-World Relationship Theories in Safavid Iran’ Near Eastern Studies 39 (1980), 139-151.
•  'Essence and Existence in Avicenna' Mediaeval and Renaissance Studies, IV (1958), 1-16

Rizvi, Sajjad Haydar.

• Reconsidering the Life of Mulla Sadra Shirazi (d. 1641): Notes towards an Intellectual Biography... in IRAN XL (2002), 181-201.

• `Mulla Sadra and Causation: Rethinking a Problem in Later Islamic Philosophy' in Philosophy East and West 55  No. 4 (2005), 570-583

• `Mullā Sadrā Shīrāzī : his life and works and the sources for Safavid philosophy'. Oxford : Oxford University Press on behalf of the University of Manchester, 2007.  viii, 191 pp.  (= SERIES Journal of Semitic studies. Supplement ; 18). ISBN 0199297428. / ISBN 9780199297429. Product Description "Mulla Sadra Shirazi is the first attempt in English to produce a thorough preparatory study of the intellectual biography of this famous Safavid thinker. Previous attempts by other thinkers have been marred by ideological prejudice and the lack of serious intellectual rigour. A proper understanding of Islamic intellectual history requires the study of canonical thinkers, of which Mulla Sadra is certainly one in the philosophical tradition of Iran. The book eschews legends and theoretical constructs of bibliography in favour of a rigorous life that draws upon a wide range of primary sources, many of which are unpublished, and that demonstrate the significance and context of the intellectual contributions of Mulla Sadra. Mulla Sadra Shirazi is quite a traditional biography in that it seeks to locate the life of the thinker and his works in his historical and intellectual content. The course of ideas in Islam is an area of research that is of great interest at the moment; even the study of philosophy has flourished in recent years. Consistently, with recent works on other Islamic philosophers, this book sets the standard for approaching Islamic intellectual history by insisting upon an historical and source-critical approach, allied with a keen philological, but also philosophical, appreciation of the intellectual life of a thinker. The life is based upon the most recent scholarship on Safavid history and draws widely upon primary sources in Arabic and Persian, including a number of works in manuscript. For students of Islamic thought in the early modern period and those with a particular interest in philosophy in Safavid Iran, this book should be the first point of reference. Mulla Sadra Shirazi will become the foundation for further research both on Mulla Sadra and his thought, as well as the thought and intellectual trends of his period."

• Mulla Sadra and Metaphysics (Culture and Civilization in the Middle East) by Sajjad H. Rizvi, 2009.

 Sabahuddin, Abdur Rahman,

• "Mullā Sadrā", Indo-Iranica, vol. XIV, no. 4, Dec. 1961, pp. 17-29.
   

Sells, Michael.

• Mullā Ṣadrā (Ṣadr al-Din Shirazi) in `Great Thinkers of the Eastern World. The major thinkers and the philosophical and religious classics of China, India, Japan, Korea, and the world of Islam' . Ed. Ian P. McGreal.   XXXX: Harper Collins Publishers, ADD, pp. 484-488.

Tabrizi,  Ja`far  Sajjadi 

• Hastī Shināsī dar Maktab-i Sadr-i Muta'alihin (Ontology in Sadr al-Din Shirazi's school). Tehran: Kitābkhānah-yi Millī-yi Iran   (= Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies) 1398/ 1977 + 2nd ed. 1400/1979.. *

 Tabrizi, Ja`far Subhani

• Hastī Shināsī dar Maktab-i Sadr-i Muta'alihin (Ontology in Sadr al-Din Shirazi's school). Tehran: Kitābkhānah-yi Millī-yi Iran   (= Institute for Humanities and Cultural Studies) 1398/ 1977 + 2nd ed. 1400/1979.. *

Yusuf, K.M.,

• "Iran Society celebrates the Quadringenary of Mullā Sadrā", Indo-Iranica, vol. XIV, no. 4, Dec. 1961, pp.1-5.

Ziai, Hossein.

• 1996  'Mulla Sadra: His Life and Works', in S.H. Nasr and O. Leaman (eds) History of Islamic Philosophy (London: Routledge) 635-42.

• "Beyond Philosophy: Suhrawardi's Illuminationist Path to Wisdom," in Myth and Philosophy, ed. Frank E. Reynolds and David Tracy, New York, 1990a, pp. 215-43.

• Knowledge and Illumination: A Study of Sohravardi's Hikmat al-Ishrăq, Atlanta, 1990Ե.

• "Mošāheda. raveš֊e ešraq, wa zabān-e še'r," Irān-nāmailran Nameh 8/1, Winter 1990e, pp. 81-94.

• "The Manuscript of al-Sajara al-elahiya, a Philosophical Encyclopedia by Šams-al-Din Šahrazuri." Iranšenasillranshenasi 2/1, Spring 1990d, pp. 89-108.

• "Sohravardi wa siāsat." Irān-nāma/Iran Nameh 9/3, Summer 1991. pp. 396-410.

• "Source and Nature of Authority: A Study of Suhrawardi's Illuminationist Political Doctrine," in The Political Aspects of Islamic Philosophy. ed. Charles Butterworth, Cambridge, Mass., 1992a. pp. 304-44.

• Ta'rifwa mabāni-e šenākt dar f al safa֊ ye ešraq (Definition and the foundations of knowledge in Illuminationist philosophy), section on al-aqwal al-šāreha from the unpublished text al-Masare' wa'l-motãrahãt, in Borhān Ebn Yousef, ed. Jaśn-nama-ye 'Ostad Jawãd Mosleh, Los Angeles, 1993. pp. 108-30.

• "The Illuminationist Tradition" and "Shihab al-Din Yalıya Suhrawardi," in The Routledge History of Islamic Philosophy, eds. S. H. Nasr and Oliver Lea-man, London, 1995, pp. 434-64 and 465-96.

• "al-Suhrawardi, Shihab al-Din." in El՝՜ IX. 1997. pp. 782-84.

• "Illuminationist Philosophy." in The Routledge Encyclopedia of Philosophy \\. ed. Eduard Graig, London, 1998b, pp. 700-703.

• Suhrawardi's The Book of Radiance 'forrou• \amehi. a parallel English Persian text. ed. and tr. with introd.. Costa [page 1] Mesa, 1998c.

• + Ahmad Alwishah, Studies in Medieval Physics: Ibn Kammuna's al-Tanqihatfi Shark al-Talwihat. Costa Mesa. 2003.

• + John Walbridge. The Philosophy of Illumination. English tr. of Suhrawardi's Hikmat al-Ishraq, plus a new critical ed. of the Arabic text, with introd., notes, and glossaries of technical terms, 2000.

• `Illuminationism' in EIr. vol. XII/6-p. 671f+ XIII/1 pp.1-2. 

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